MATH 131 - Elements of Mathematics II: Geometry and Algebra

• Reason about how quantities vary together in a proportional relationship, using tables, double number lines, and strip diagrams as supports.
• Distinguish proportional relationships from other relationships, such as additive relationships and inversely proportional relationships.
• Employ different methods for solving problems involving proportions and percents.
• Employ procedures for mental computation and estimation of percents.
• Use unit rates to solve problems and to formulate equations for proportional relationships.
• Use pictorial models to represent proportions and percents. 
• Illustrate the connection between fractions and division, and how fractions, ratios, and rates are connected via unit rates.                   
• Recognize algebraic reasoning in elementary mathematics.
• Apply processes of reasoning to identify, solve, manipulate, and/or evaluate expressions, equations, and systems of equations.
• Translate among multiple representations of a function.  
• Recognize various representations and change patterns of linear and non-linear functions. 
• Solve problems with tables, graphs, and equations. 
• Find and describe patterns including finding the nth term of a sequence.
• Explain, apply, and connect the general principles of measurement, the process of iterations, and the central role of units
• Explain area and volume and give rationales for area and volume formulas that can be obtained by finitely many compositions and decompositions of unit squares or unit cubes.
• Explain common metric benchmarks for length, mass, and capacity and make conversions within the metric system.
• Develop basic area formulas and the Pythagorean Theorem in a deductive sequence and use these formulas to compute area and length.  
• Describe, compare, classify, and draw plane and space figures.
• Explain the relationship among the formulas for the volume of prisms, cylinders, pyramids, and cones.
• Use nets to explain how to find the surface area of prisms and cylinders.
• Reason about proportional relationships and similarity.        
• Perform rigid motions and relate them to congruence, symmetry, and similarity.
• Explain the sum of angle measures in a polygon and compute the measures of specific angles.
• Perform basic compass constructions and explain why they work.
• Use technology to study plane figures.
• Interpret statements that use geometric terminology.
• Prove or disprove conjectures about geometric shapes. 

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